Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine

Register      Login

VOLUME 3 , ISSUE 1 ( January-March, 2008 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

Sleep Apnea is an Independent Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome

S. Ramnathan Iyer

Citation Information : Iyer SR. Sleep Apnea is an Independent Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome. Indian Sleep Med 2008; 3 (1):5-10.

DOI: 10.5005/ijsm-3-1-5

License: NA

Published Online: 01-06-2018

Copyright Statement:  NA


Abstract

PDF Share
  1. Young T Palta DM, Dempsey J et al The occurrence of sleep disordered breathing among middle aged adults. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1230 – 1235: 108 – 120.
  2. Udwadia Z.F., Doshi A.V., Lonkar S.G., Singh C.I. Prevalence of sleep disordered breathing and sleep apnea in middle aged urban Indian men. Amer J Resp. Crit Care Med 2004;169 : 167 - 73.
  3. Ancoli Israel S, Kripke DF, Klauber MR etal. Sleep disordered breathing in community dwelling elderly. Sleep 1991; 14 486 – 495.
  4. Gupta R, Deedwania PC, Gupta A, Rastogi S, Panwar RB, Kothari K.Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in an Indian urban population. Int J Cardiol 2004;97:257-61
  5. Iyer SR and Iyer Revati R. Sleep and obesity in the causation of metabolic syndrome. Int J Diab Dev Ctries. 2006; 26:63-67
  6. McEwen B S. Sleep deprivation as a neurobiologic and phypiologic stresser. Allostasis and allostatic load. Metabolism 2006 Oct 55 (10 Suppl 2): S 20 – 3.
  7. Sleep in Tabers Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary Page 1772. Ed Thomas Clatton L Pub. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi. 1st Edition 1998.
  8. Park YW, Zhu S, Palaniappan L, Heshka S, Carnethon MR, Heymsfield SB. The metabolic syndrome: Prevalence and associated risk factor findings in the US population from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:427-36.
  9. Vgontzas AN, Papanicolau, Bixler EO, et al. Sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness and fatigue:relation to visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and hypercytokinemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:1151-1158.
  10. Shahar E, Whitney C, Redline S et al. Sleep disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease:cross sectional results of /Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163(1):19-25.
  11. Peppard P, Young T, Palta M et al Prospective study of the association between sleep disordered breathing and hypertension. New Engl J Med 2000,42;(19)1378-84.
  12. Kiely Jmcnicholas W. Cardiovascular risk factors in patients with obstructive sleep sleep apnoea syndrome. Eur Respir J 2000;16:677-82.Brooks B, Cistulli PA, Borkmann M,
  13. Coughlin SR, Mawdsely L, Mugarza JA, Calverly PM, Wilding JP. Obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Eur Heart J 2004;25:735-41.
  14. Ip MSM, Lam B, Ng MM, Lam WK, Tsant KW, Lam KS.Obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated withinsulin resistance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:670- 6.
  15. Iyer SR. Type 2 Diabetes Express Highway, where is the ‘U’ turn? J Assoc Physicians India 2003;51:495-500.
  16. Punjabi NM, Sorkin JD, Katzel LI, Goldberg AP, Schwartz AR, Smith PL. Sleep disordered breathing and insulin resistance in middle aged and overweight men. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:677-82.
  17. Strohl KP, Novak RD, Suiger W, Cahan C, Boehm KD, Denko CW, et al. Insulin levels, blood pressure and sleep apnea. Sleep 1994;17:614-8.
  18. Sharp PS, Mohan V, Levy JC, Mather HM, Kohner EM. Insulin resistance in patients of Asian Indian and European Origin with non insulin dependent diabetes. Horm Metab Res 1987;19:84-85
  19. Elmasry A, Janson C, Lindberg E, Gislason T, Tageldin MA, Boman G. The role of habitual snoring and obesity in the development of diabetes: A 10-year follow-up study in a male population. J Intern Med 2002;248:13-20.
  20. Reichmuth KJ, Austin D, Skatrud JB and Young T.Association of Sleep Apnea and Type II Diabetes- A Population based study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;172:1590-1595.
  21. Harsh IA, Schahin SP, Radespier-Trogen M, Weintz O, JahreissH, Fuchs FS, et al Continuous positive airway pressuretreatment rapidly improves insulin sensitivity in patients withobstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;169:156-62.
  22. Brooks B, Cistulli PA, Borkman M, Ross G, McGhee S, Grunstein RR, Sullivan CE, Yue DK.Obstructive sleep apnea in obese non insulin dependent diabetic patients:effect of continous positive airway pressure treatment on insulin responsiveness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;79:1681- 1685.
  23. Saarelainen S, Lahtela J, Kallonen E. Effect of nasal CPAP treatment on insulin sensitivity and plasma leptin. J Sleep Res. 1997;6:146-147.
  24. Smurra M, Phillip P, Taillard J, Gulliminault C, Bioulac B, Gin H.CPAP treatment does not affect glucose insulin metabolism in sleep apneic patients. Sleep Med 2001;2:207-213.
  25. Iyer S.R., Iyer R.R, Baitule M.N. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obstructive sleep apnea: beneficial effects of continuous positive airway pressure on blood glucose levels; preliminary observations. Diabetic Medicine Journal of Diabetes, UK 2006 ; 23(Suppl 4) : 531. (Paper presented at 19th World Diabetes Congress 3-7 December, 2006, Cape Town, South Africa).
  26. Grimble RF. Inflammatory status and insulin resistance. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care.2002;5:551-9
  27. Iyer S.R., Iyer Revati R, Sleep, Ageing and Metabolic syndrome. Sleep Diagnosis and Therapy (Editorial) 2006; 1 (4) : 16 -18.
  28. Iyer S.R., Iyer Revati R, Upasani S.V.and Baitule M.N.diabetes mellitus in Dombivli-an urban population study. J Assoc Physicians India.2001;49:713-716.
  29. Pien GW, Schwab RJ. Sleep disorders during pregnancy. Sleep 2004; 27 (7) 1405 – 17.
  30. Deonis M, Blossner M, Villar J. Levels and patterns of intrauterine growth retardation in developing countries. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998; 52 (Suppl 1) : S5 – 15.
  31. Meritt SP. Maxham A, Wang A, steierj, Caroll P, Williams AJ.Sleep disordered breathing, a causative factor in the development of severe diabetic retinopathy. S-59. British Thoracic Society 2007 Dec-A 25-26 (www.thoraxjnl.com)
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.