Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine

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VOLUME 15 , ISSUE 4 ( October-December, 2020 ) > List of Articles

Original Article

A Comparative Study of Polysomnography Findings in Children with Prader–Willi Syndrome and Non-syndromic Children

KR Bharath K Reddy, Susha Nair

Citation Information : Reddy KB, Nair S. A Comparative Study of Polysomnography Findings in Children with Prader–Willi Syndrome and Non-syndromic Children. Indian Sleep Med 2020; 15 (4):65-68.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10069-0061

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 18-01-2021

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2020; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim and objective: There are insufficient data in India on sleep issues in children with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). This study was undertaken to describe the prevalence of sleep problems, polysomnography findings, and treatment of sleep issues in children with PWS. Research questions: (1) To determine the prevalence of sleep problems in children with PWS and (2) to compare the polysomnography (PSG) findings in children with PWS and non-syndromic children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Materials and methods: Retrospective data of children who underwent polysomnography for the diagnosis of sleep problems were extracted and divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 20 children with PWS, and the second group consisted of 22 non-syndromic children with OSA. History was analyzed using a parent-administered sleep questionnaire, and a level one polysomnography was performed in all study subjects. Results: No significant difference was noted in the sleep history between the two groups. The OSA prevalence of the PWS group was 100%. The OAHI, OAHI (REM), baseline oxygen saturation, and time of saturation below 90% were significantly affected in the PWS group compared to the non-syndromic group. Thirteen children with PWS who had moderate-to-severe OSA were started on CPAP and were clinically better, of which nine of them who underwent a follow-up sleep study showed resolution of OSA on PSG. Conclusion: Children with PWS suffer from moderate-to-severe OSA. OSA with significant hypoxemia is seen in REM sleep in PWS children, necessitating the need for early intervention with noninvasive ventilation. All children with PWS must undergo PSG due to possible underestimation of sleep issues on parental history. Clinical significance: The degree of obstruction could be underestimated on parental history in children with PWS, thus necessitating the need for a sleep study in all children with PWS, especially prior to hGH therapy.


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