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VOLUME 19 , ISSUE 4 ( October-December, 2024 ) > List of Articles

Original Article

Assessment of Self-reported Sleep Duration and Quality in Relation to the Cognitive Status of Older Adults: A Case-controlled Study

Shreya Biswal, Prasun Chatterjee, Avinash Chakravarthy, Maroof A Khan, Abhijith R Rao

Keywords : Clinical dementia rating scale, Cognition, Older adult, Pittsburgh index, Sleep

Citation Information : Biswal S, Chatterjee P, Chakravarthy A, Khan MA, Rao AR. Assessment of Self-reported Sleep Duration and Quality in Relation to the Cognitive Status of Older Adults: A Case-controlled Study. Indian Sleep Med 2024; 19 (4):62-68.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10069-0138

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 30-10-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background: Several studies have examined the association of baseline sleep duration and quality with cognitive decline and incident dementia, but the results have been inconsistent. Some studies have observed statistically significant associations between sleep, cognitive decline, and incident dementia, while others did not reach similar conclusions. The sample sizes of most previous studies were small. In addition, the magnitude of the association between sleep duration, especially extreme sleep duration (≤4 or ≥10 hours per night), and various cognitive domains is unclear. Thus, there is a need for a study considering the impact of poor duration and quality of sleep on various domains of cognition in a population of older adults. Materials and methods: Patients from geriatric medicine OPD, AIIMS, New Delhi. Data collected consisted of demographic history followed by evaluation. Data from the two groups were compared for the association of sleep duration with cognitive function. It was also used to assess the impact of sleep duration on cognitive function. The consistency of this association was tested by comparing cases with controls. The variation of sleep duration, quality, and other parameters in subjects diagnosed as healthy older adults and MCI was observed. A total of 5 mL blood was collected at the time of interview to investigate for the biomarkers for cognition in relation to decline in sleep in subjects of group II (cases). It was tested for serum; fasting lipid profile vitamin B12, folic acid, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Results: There was a significant association between global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and poor cognition (5) as compared with those with normal cognition. There was a significant difference in the incidence of self-reported daytime sleepiness, sleep latency, and total duration of sleep between the two groups. There was a statistically significant association of higher global PSQI scores to poor performance in various subdomains of cognition. Conclusion: This study found that individuals with mild cognitive impairment had shorter duration and poorer overall quality of sleep compared with cognitively healthy older adults. There was a statistically significant association of poor performance in subdomains of memory, orientation, judgment and problem-solving, home, and hobbies, with higher global PSQI scores.

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