Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine

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VOLUME 19 , ISSUE 2 ( April-June, 2024 ) > List of Articles

Original Article

Does Reduced Hypopharyngeal Space Affects Respiratory Function and Pharyngeal Volume?

Amit Antil, Saugat Ray, Amrit Thapa, Baljinder Singh Walia, Prasanna Kumar

Keywords : Acoustic pharyngometry, Forced expiratory volume in one second, Hypopharyngeal airway space, Oropharyngeal volume

Citation Information : Antil A, Ray S, Thapa A, Walia BS, Kumar P. Does Reduced Hypopharyngeal Space Affects Respiratory Function and Pharyngeal Volume?. Indian Sleep Med 2024; 19 (2):13-17.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10069-0135

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 19-06-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).


Abstract

Background/objective: Reduced dimensions of the upper airway tract may affect the functionality to the extent of distorting the vertical growth of the face. However, human adaptability also tries to compensate for the anatomic alterations so that vital functions of the body like respiration are not grossly hampered. The present study aims to determine the correlation of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) with oropharyngeal volume (OPV) in individuals exhibiting reduced hypopharyngeal space. Materials and methods: About 36 patients with reduced hypopharyngeal airway space (HAS), as measured on lateral cephalograms from a tertiary care government hospital, were included in this cross-sectional study. Forced expiratory volume in one second and OPV were measured using spirometry and acoustic pharyngometry (AP) respectively. Results: The study population, comprised 15 males and 21 females with a mean age of 17.6 ± 4.7 years. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between age with BMI and FEV1 (p = 0.001, < 0.000 respectively) and BMI with FEV1 (p = 0.004). No statistically significant correlation was found between mean HAS with OPV (p = 0.140) and with FEV1 (p = 0.503). Further, no significant correlation was also observed between OPV and FEV1 (p = 0.958) also. One sample t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the mean HAS and predicted normative with a mean difference of –3.52 mm (p = 0.000). Limitations: The present study, being cross-sectional, had the limitation of choosing a homogenous group of participants with reduced HAS. However, the authors suggest a comparative study including patients with various growth patterns and occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea. Conclusion/Implications: The authors conclude that reduced hypopharyngeal space alone does not affect the respiratory function and overall volume of the oropharyngeal region.


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